Source Paper
Role of glymphatic system function in cognitive dysfunction among patients with bipolar disorder
Chen MH, Liou YJ, Hsu JW, Tsai SJ, Chang CC et al.
Int J Neuropsychopharmacol • 2026
Digit Symbol Substitution Test (DSST)
Objective: Assessment of cognitive function, specifically processing speed, working memory, and attention using the Digit Symbol Substitution Test
This is a Digit Symbol Substitution Test (DSST) protocol using Human as the model organism. The procedure involves 3 procedural steps, 1 equipment items, 2 materials. Extracted from a 2026 paper published in Int J Neuropsychopharmacol.
Model and subjects
Human • Not applicable • Age- and sex-matched • 20-59 years (mean age ~ 33 years) • ≥148 (74 for each group)
Study window
Estimated timing pending
Core workflow
Task instruction • Symbol-digit matching • Time limit
Primary readouts
- Processing speed
- Working memory performance
- Attention performance
Key equipment and reagents
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Protocol Steps
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Task instruction
Participants are instructed to quickly and accurately fill in corresponding symbols for each digit using the provided key table
View evidence from paper
“participants are instructed to quickly and accurately fill in the corresponding symbol for each digit using the key table”
Symbol-digit matching
Participants match symbols to digits based on a reference key
View evidence from paper
“They match symbols to digits based on a reference key”
Time limit
Test is completed within a 120-second time limit
View evidence from paper
“within 120 seconds”