Antipurinergic therapy corrects the autism-like features in the Fragile X ( Fmr1 knockout) mouse model methods
Show snapshot details
On this page
This experiment, in seven questions
Jump straight to the part of the recipe you need. Data and provenance labels stay close to the action they support.
Shopping and prep list
What do I need before I start?
Biological model pending
Subject model for the experiment.
- Use
- confirm full cohort details in the source paper
Before you run
What should be confirmed before execution?
First confirmation
Species or subject information is missing.
Confirm before execution
Protocol does not list structured equipment.
Confirm before execution
This page shows passages quoted from the paper. Equipment, materials, times, and temperatures are hidden until the page is rebuilt from the full paper and checked by a reviewer. Check the paper before using this method.
Confirm before execution
Open the source paper before finalizing run-specific details.
Procurement checkpoint
Use source-stated vendors where present. Treat mapped products as sourcing options unless the page marks an exact source match.
Open quote workflowStep-by-step procedure
What do I do, in order?
Methods
We evaluated the Fragile X ( Fmr1 ) knockout on the FVB strain background. It has the genotype: FVB.129P2- Pde6b + Tyr c-ch Fmr1 tm1Cgr /J (Jackson Stock # 004624). The Fmr1 tm1Cgr allele contains a neomycin resistance cassette replacing exon 5 that results in a null allele that makes no FMR mRNA or protein. The control strain used has the genotype: FVB.129P2- Pde6b + Tyr c-ch /AntJ (Jackson Stock # 004828). In contrast to the white coat color of wild-type FVB mice, these animals had a chinchilla ( Tyr c-ch ) gray coat color. The wild-type Pde6b locus from the 129P2 ES cells corrects the retinal degeneration phenotype that produces blindness by 5 weeks of age in typical FVB mice. The Fmr1 locus is X-linked, so males are hemizygous and females are homozygous for the knockout. We also performed metabolomic analysis on Fmr1 knockout mice on the C57BL/6J (B6) background to refine our unde...
Behavioral analysis
Behavioral testing began at 13 weeks of age, after 1 month of weekly antipurinergic therapy with suramin. Mice were tested in social approach, T-maze, locomomtor activity, marble burying, acoustic startle, and prepulse inhibition paradigms as follows. The ages at the time of testing are noted in the figure legends. For a complete description of the behavioral paradigms see Full Methods Online. Social Preference and Social Novelty. Social behavior was tested as social preference as previously described [ ], with the addition of a third phase with a second novel mouse to interrogate social novelty [ ]. T-Maze. Novelty preference was tested as spontaneous alternation behavior in the T-maze as previously described [ ]. Marble Burying. Marble burying behavior was measured over 30 min by a modification of methods used by Thomas et al. [ ]. Locomotor Activity. Locomotor activity, hyperac...
Cerebral synaptosomal protein analysis
We found that 17 of 54 proteins we interrogated in cerebral synaptosomes (see Additional file: Table S1) were changed by antipurinergic therapy with suramin in the Fragile X model (Figures and; KO-Sur vs. KO-Sal). As a treatment study, we focused on the effect of suramin in the Fmr1 knockout mice only. The current study did not compare knockout brain protein levels to littermate FVB controls (see Methods). Figure 3 Western analysis of cerebral synaptosomal proteins changed by suramin treatment. Seventeen of 54 interrogated proteins were found to be changed by suramin treatment measured at 25 weeks of age. Post-synaptic density protein 95 kD (PSD95) was not influenced by suramin treatment and was used as a loading control. Protein expression data quantified by densitometry.
Measurement outputs
What raw and processed outputs should exist?
Analysis plan
How should the outputs become interpretable results?
Acquisition
Collect raw experimental outputs with enough metadata to preserve sample identity, condition, and timing.
inferred from protocolPreprocessing / cleaning
Review raw outputs for quality, remove unusable captures, and organize the data into a comparison-ready table or image set.
inferred from protocolScoring or quantification
Quantify the primary endpoint described in the methods before moving into any statistical comparison.
inferred from protocolStatistical comparison
Statistical method not yet structured for this page.
inferred from protocolReporting output
Report representative outputs alongside the summary comparison used to support the conclusion.
inferred from protocolSource and audit
What supports the facts on this page?
Evidence quotes (3)
We evaluated the Fragile X ( Fmr1 ) knockout on the FVB strain background. It has the genotype: FVB.129P2- Pde6b + Tyr c-ch Fmr1 tm1Cgr /J (Jackson Stock # 004624). The Fmr1 tm1Cgr allele contains a neomycin resistance cassette replacing exon 5 that results in a null allele that makes no FMR mRNA or protein. The control strain used has the genotype: FVB.129P2- Pde6b + Tyr c-ch /AntJ (Jackson Stock # 004828). In contrast to the white coat color of wild-type FVB mice, these animals had a chinchilla ( Tyr c-ch ) gray coat color. The wild-type Pde6b locus from the 129P2 ES cells corrects the retinal degeneration phenotype that produces blindness by 5 weeks of age in typical FVB mice. The Fmr1 locus is X-linked, so males are hemizygous and females are homozygous for the knockout. We also performed metabolomic analysis on Fmr1 knockout mice on the C57BL/6J (B6) background to refine our understanding of which metabolic disturbances were directly related to the Fmr1 knockout, and which were the result of changes in genetic background. For these studies we studied the same Fmr1 tm1Cgr knockout allele bred on the C57BL6/J background. These animals had the genotype: B6.129P2- Fmr1 tm1Cgr /...
Behavioral testing began at 13 weeks of age, after 1 month of weekly antipurinergic therapy with suramin. Mice were tested in social approach, T-maze, locomomtor activity, marble burying, acoustic startle, and prepulse inhibition paradigms as follows. The ages at the time of testing are noted in the figure legends. For a complete description of the behavioral paradigms see Full Methods Online. Social Preference and Social Novelty. Social behavior was tested as social preference as previously described [ ], with the addition of a third phase with a second novel mouse to interrogate social novelty [ ]. T-Maze. Novelty preference was tested as spontaneous alternation behavior in the T-maze as previously described [ ]. Marble Burying. Marble burying behavior was measured over 30 min by a modification of methods used by Thomas et al. [ ]. Locomotor Activity. Locomotor activity, hyperactivity (total distance traveled), center entries, holepoke exploration, and vertical investigation (rearing) behaviors were quantified by automated beam break analysis in the mouse behavioral pattern monitor (mBPM) as previously described [ ]. Acoustic Startle and Prepulse Inhibition. Sensitivity t...
We found that 17 of 54 proteins we interrogated in cerebral synaptosomes (see Additional file: Table S1) were changed by antipurinergic therapy with suramin in the Fragile X model (Figures and; KO-Sur vs. KO-Sal). As a treatment study, we focused on the effect of suramin in the Fmr1 knockout mice only. The current study did not compare knockout brain protein levels to littermate FVB controls (see Methods). Figure 3 Western analysis of cerebral synaptosomal proteins changed by suramin treatment. Seventeen of 54 interrogated proteins were found to be changed by suramin treatment measured at 25 weeks of age. Post-synaptic density protein 95 kD (PSD95) was not influenced by suramin treatment and was used as a loading control. Protein expression data quantified by densitometry.
Machine-readable layer
[
{
"@context": "https://schema.org",
"@type": "HowTo",
"name": "Antipurinergic therapy corrects the autism-like features in the Fragile X ( Fmr1 knockout) mouse model methods",
"description": "Protocol for Antipurinergic therapy corrects the autism-like features in the Fragile X ( Fmr1 knockout) mouse model methods",
"step": [
{
"@type": "HowToStep",
"position": 1,
"name": "Methods",
"text": "We evaluated the Fragile X ( Fmr1 ) knockout on the FVB strain background. It has the genotype: FVB.129P2- Pde6b + Tyr c-ch Fmr1 tm1Cgr /J (Jackson Stock # 004624). The Fmr1 tm1Cgr allele contains a neomycin resistance cassette replacing exon 5 that results in a null allele that makes no FMR mRNA or protein. The control strain used has the genotype: FVB.129P2- Pde6b + Tyr c-ch /AntJ (Jackson Stock # 004828). In contrast to the white coat color of wild-type FVB mice, these animals had a chinchilla ( Tyr c-ch ) gray coat color. The wild-type Pde6b locus from the 129P2 ES cells corrects the retinal degeneration phenotype that produces blindness by 5 weeks of age in typical FVB mice. The Fmr1 locus is X-linked, so males are hemizygous and females are homozygous for the knockout. We also performed metabolomic analysis on Fmr1 knockout mice on the C57BL/6J (B6) background to refine our unde..."
},
{
"@type": "HowToStep",
"position": 2,
"name": "Behavioral analysis",
"text": "Behavioral testing began at 13 weeks of age, after 1 month of weekly antipurinergic therapy with suramin. Mice were tested in social approach, T-maze, locomomtor activity, marble burying, acoustic startle, and prepulse inhibition paradigms as follows. The ages at the time of testing are noted in the figure legends. For a complete description of the behavioral paradigms see Full Methods Online. Social Preference and Social Novelty. Social behavior was tested as social preference as previously described [ ], with the addition of a third phase with a second novel mouse to interrogate social novelty [ ]. T-Maze. Novelty preference was tested as spontaneous alternation behavior in the T-maze as previously described [ ]. Marble Burying. Marble burying behavior was measured over 30 min by a modification of methods used by Thomas et al. [ ]. Locomotor Activity. Locomotor activity, hyperac..."
},
{
"@type": "HowToStep",
"position": 3,
"name": "Cerebral synaptosomal protein analysis",
"text": "We found that 17 of 54 proteins we interrogated in cerebral synaptosomes (see Additional file: Table S1) were changed by antipurinergic therapy with suramin in the Fragile X model (Figures and; KO-Sur vs. KO-Sal). As a treatment study, we focused on the effect of suramin in the Fmr1 knockout mice only. The current study did not compare knockout brain protein levels to littermate FVB controls (see Methods). Figure 3 Western analysis of cerebral synaptosomal proteins changed by suramin treatment. Seventeen of 54 interrogated proteins were found to be changed by suramin treatment measured at 25 weeks of age. Post-synaptic density protein 95 kD (PSD95) was not influenced by suramin treatment and was used as a loading control. Protein expression data quantified by densitometry."
}
],
"tool": [],
"supply": [],
"isBasedOn": {
"@type": "ScholarlyArticle",
"headline": "Antipurinergic therapy corrects the autism-like features in the Fragile X ( Fmr1 knockout) mouse model",
"datePublished": "2015",
"author": [
{
"@type": "Person",
"name": "Jane C Naviaux"
},
{
"@type": "Person",
"name": "Lin Wang"
},
{
"@type": "Person",
"name": "Kefeng Li"
},
{
"@type": "Person",
"name": "A Taylor Bright"
},
{
"@type": "Person",
"name": "William A Alaynick"
},
{
"@type": "Person",
"name": "Kenneth R Williams"
},
{
"@type": "Person",
"name": "Susan B Powell"
},
{
"@type": "Person",
"name": "Robert K Naviaux"
}
],
"identifier": "10.1186/2040-2392-6-1"
}
},
{
"@context": "https://schema.org",
"@type": "BreadcrumbList",
"itemListElement": [
{
"@type": "ListItem",
"position": 1,
"name": "Experiments",
"item": "https://replicatescience.com/experiments"
},
{
"@type": "ListItem",
"position": 2,
"name": "Antipurinergic therapy corrects the autism-like features in the Fragile X ( Fmr1 knockout) mouse model methods",
"item": "https://replicatescience.com/experiments/antipurinergic-therapy-corrects-the-autism-like-features-in-the-fragile-x-fmr1-knockout-mouse-model-methods-jane-c-naviaux-pmc4334917/antipurinergic-therapy-corrects-the-autism-like-features-in-the-fragile-x-fmr1-knockout-mouse-model-mlph42q1"
}
]
}
]