Optimal electrical stimulation boosts stem cell therapy in nerve regeneration methods
Aim. Evidence-backed execution summary for Optimal electrical stimulation boosts stem cell therapy in nerve regeneration methods from Optimal electrical stimulation boosts stem cell therapy in nerve regeneration.
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human
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Materials and methods
reagent used in the protocol.
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- Our electrostimulation study was performed with a built-in-house platform that generates a vertical electric field with electrodes placed in a top-bottom configuration (illustrated in ). The vertical configuration contrasts with conventional horizontal electrical potential gradients [ ] by its ability to stimulate a...
Materials and methods
Our electrostimulation study was performed with a built-in-house platform that generates a vertical electric field with electrodes placed in a top-bottom configuration (illustrated in ). The vertical configuration contrasts with conventional horizontal electrical potential gradients [ ] by its ability to stimulate a...
- Use
- Our electrostimulation study was performed with a built-in-house platform that generates a vertical electric field with electrodes placed in a top-bottom configuration (illustrated in ). The vertical configuration contrasts with conventional horizontal electrical potential gradients [ ] by its ability to stimulate a...
Intrafascicular ES of axotomized and repaired nerves
In the stimulation groups, after nerve repair, 2 modified intrafascicular electrodes were implanted in both sides of the sciatic nerve stump 0.5 cm from the suture site, as we previously described [ - ]. The insulated electrodes were led to a stimulator (Grass S48 Square Pulse stimulator, Astro-Med Inc, West W...
- Use
- In the stimulation groups, after nerve repair, 2 modified intrafascicular electrodes were implanted in both sides of the sciatic nerve stump 0.5 cm from the suture site, as we previously described [ - ]. The insulated electrodes were led to a stimulator (Grass S48 Square Pulse stimulator, Astro-Med Inc, West W...
Behavioral assessment
We have described the methodology of CatWalk (Noldus Information Technology, The Netherlands) before [,, ]. Briefly, one week prior to surgery, animals were trained daily on a CatWalk runway until they were able to make consecutive uninterrupted runs. Animals were placed on the right side of a runway and motivated...
- Use
- We have described the methodology of CatWalk (Noldus Information Technology, The Netherlands) before [,, ]. Briefly, one week prior to surgery, animals were trained daily on a CatWalk runway until they were able to make consecutive uninterrupted runs. Animals were placed on the right side of a runway and motivated...
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Materials and methods
Our electrostimulation study was performed with a built-in-house platform that generates a vertical electric field with electrodes placed in a top-bottom configuration (illustrated in ). The vertical configuration contrasts with conventional horizontal electrical potential gradients [ ] by its ability to stimulate a larger area of cells and separate the effects of galvanic migration resulting from cell differentiation. The top electrodes (99.999% pure gold wires, Surepure, Chemetals, Florham Park, NJ, USA) are connected to a printed circuit board, and the bottom electrodes are made by depositing chromium and gold onto glass via e-beam vapor deposition. The gold nature of the two electrodes prevents electrochemical reactions with the sample solution during stimulation. The deposition process for the bottom electrode involved cleaning the glass with Piranha solution for 10 min, rinsing...
Intrafascicular ES of axotomized and repaired nerves
In the stimulation groups, after nerve repair, 2 modified intrafascicular electrodes were implanted in both sides of the sciatic nerve stump 0.5 cm from the suture site, as we previously described [ - ]. The insulated electrodes were led to a stimulator (Grass S48 Square Pulse stimulator, Astro-Med Inc, West Warwick, RI). ES was applied between the cathode placed at the distal stump and the anode at the proximal stump. The nerve and their regenerating axons were subject to 1-h continuous ES immediately after repair of the nerve, with supramaximal pulses (100 µsec; 3 V) delivered in a continuous 20 Hz train based on the in vitro study. The intrafascicular electrodes were removed after ES and the incision was closed in layers. The illustration of animal experimental design and procedures was shown in.
Behavioral assessment
We have described the methodology of CatWalk (Noldus Information Technology, The Netherlands) before [,, ]. Briefly, one week prior to surgery, animals were trained daily on a CatWalk runway until they were able to make consecutive uninterrupted runs. Animals were placed on the right side of a runway and motivated to cross the runway toward the left end. Six compliant trials were recorded by a computer running Catwalk XT 10.5 Software (Noldus) for each animal per time point, and five animals for each group. All trials marked by the software as compliant were reviewed manually: if the animal stopped or turned in mid-run the trials were excluded in the analysis. Thus a minimum of three validated runs were available each time point per animal. The stand time and duty cycle parameters, which show the time spent per step and percentage of time per step cycle spent bearing weight for each...
Measurement outputs
What raw and processed outputs should exist?
We have described the methodology of CatWalk (Noldus Information Technology, The Netherlands) before [,, ]. Briefly, one week prior to surgery, animals were trained daily on a...
- Raw artifact
- Per-run gait capture with paw placement, timing, and stride features for each animal
- Processed artifact
- Cleaned gait metrics table and recovery trend summary across timepoints
- Reported as
- Group comparisons of gait indices, stride metrics, or recovery curves
Our immunohistochemistry testing showed higher a higher number of viable NCSCs and SC differentiation in the NCSC + ES group when compared to the NCSC group, indicating that ES...
- Raw artifact
- Per-run gait capture with paw placement, timing, and stride features for each animal
- Processed artifact
- Cleaned gait metrics table and recovery trend summary across timepoints
- Reported as
- Group comparisons of gait indices, stride metrics, or recovery curves
Analysis plan
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Acquisition
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inferred from protocolPreprocessing / cleaning
Our results clearly showed that ES on NCSC transplantation enhanced locomotion, increased muscle weights, increased myelinated axons.
from paperScoring or quantification
Quantify the primary readouts for this experiment: We have described the methodology of CatWalk (Noldus Information Technology, The Netherlands) before [,, ]. Briefly, one week prior to surgery, animals were trained daily on a...; Our immunohistochemistry testing showed higher a higher number of viable NCSCs and SC differentiation in the NCSC + ES group when compared to the NCSC group, indicating that ES....
from paperStatistical comparison
Our results clearly showed that ES on NCSC transplantation enhanced locomotion, increased muscle weights, increased myelinated axons. However, while the electrophysiological dat...
from paperReporting output
Report representative outputs alongside summary comparisons for We have described the methodology of CatWalk (Noldus Information Technology, The Netherlands) before [,, ]. Briefly, one week prior to surgery, animals were trained daily on a..., Our immunohistochemistry testing showed higher a higher number of viable NCSCs and SC differentiation in the NCSC + ES group when compared to the NCSC group, indicating that ES....
inferred from protocolStructured statistical methods
Our results clearly showed that ES on NCSC transplantation enhanced locomotion, increased muscle weights, increased myelinated axons. However, while the electrophysiological dat...
source structuredSource and audit
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Evidence quotes (3)
Our electrostimulation study was performed with a built-in-house platform that generates a vertical electric field with electrodes placed in a top-bottom configuration (illustrated in ). The vertical configuration contrasts with conventional horizontal electrical potential gradients [ ] by its ability to stimulate a larger area of cells and separate the effects of galvanic migration resulting from cell differentiation. The top electrodes (99.999% pure gold wires, Surepure, Chemetals, Florham Park, NJ, USA) are connected to a printed circuit board, and the bottom electrodes are made by depositing chromium and gold onto glass via e-beam vapor deposition. The gold nature of the two electrodes prevents electrochemical reactions with the sample solution during stimulation. The deposition process for the bottom electrode involved cleaning the glass with Piranha solution for 10 min, rinsing with deionized water, and then air-drying. Then, via patterned mask, an electrode array was created by vapor depositing a 3-nm chromium layer and a 12-nm gold layer onto the glass surface. This design provides a stable coating on the glass and leaves enough optical transparency for light transmissio...
In the stimulation groups, after nerve repair, 2 modified intrafascicular electrodes were implanted in both sides of the sciatic nerve stump 0.5 cm from the suture site, as we previously described [ - ]. The insulated electrodes were led to a stimulator (Grass S48 Square Pulse stimulator, Astro-Med Inc, West Warwick, RI). ES was applied between the cathode placed at the distal stump and the anode at the proximal stump. The nerve and their regenerating axons were subject to 1-h continuous ES immediately after repair of the nerve, with supramaximal pulses (100 µsec; 3 V) delivered in a continuous 20 Hz train based on the in vitro study. The intrafascicular electrodes were removed after ES and the incision was closed in layers. The illustration of animal experimental design and procedures was shown in.
We have described the methodology of CatWalk (Noldus Information Technology, The Netherlands) before [,, ]. Briefly, one week prior to surgery, animals were trained daily on a CatWalk runway until they were able to make consecutive uninterrupted runs. Animals were placed on the right side of a runway and motivated to cross the runway toward the left end. Six compliant trials were recorded by a computer running Catwalk XT 10.5 Software (Noldus) for each animal per time point, and five animals for each group. All trials marked by the software as compliant were reviewed manually: if the animal stopped or turned in mid-run the trials were excluded in the analysis. Thus a minimum of three validated runs were available each time point per animal. The stand time and duty cycle parameters, which show the time spent per step and percentage of time per step cycle spent bearing weight for each paw respectively, were collected and blindly assessed. Animals performed runs at the 2, 6, and 12 week time points. In order to prevent the confounding effects of walking speed and animal weight, the non-impaired contralateral hind paws were used for control comparison, and results are reported as...
Machine-readable layer
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