Source Paper
Safety and antitumor activity of recombinant soluble Apo2 ligand
Avi Ashkenazi, Roger C. Pai, Sharon Fong, Susan Leung, David A. Lawrence et al.
Journal of Clinical Investigation • 1999
Chemotherapy Synergy Study
Objective: Assessment of synergistic effects between Apo2L (TRAIL) and chemotherapeutic drugs (5-fluorouracil or CPT-11) in tumor-bearing mice, measuring tumor regression, apoptosis induction, and survival improvement
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Protocol Steps
In vitro cytotoxicity screening
Tested Apo2L effects on 39 cell lines from colon, lung, breast, kidney, brain, and skin cancer to assess cytostatic or cytotoxic effects
Note: Apo2L exerted cytostatic or cytotoxic effects in vitro on 32 of 39 cell lines tested
View evidence from paper
“Apo2L exerted cytostatic or cytotoxic effects in vitro on 32 of 39 cell lines from colon, lung, breast, kidney, brain, and skin cancer”
Tumor xenograft injection and early treatment
Athymic mice received tumor xenograft injection followed by Apo2L treatment shortly after injection to assess tumor incidence reduction
Note: Treatment markedly reduced tumor incidence
View evidence from paper
“Treatment of athymic mice with Apo2L shortly after tumor xenograft injection markedly reduced tumor incidence”
Apo2L monotherapy in tumor-bearing mice
Mice bearing solid tumors received Apo2L treatment to assess tumor cell apoptosis induction, tumor progression suppression, and survival improvement
Note: Apo2L treatment induced tumor cell apoptosis, suppressed tumor progression, and improved survival
View evidence from paper
“Apo2L treatment of mice bearing solid tumors induced tumor cell apoptosis, suppressed tumor progression, and improved survival”
Apo2L and chemotherapy combination treatment
Tumor-bearing mice received combined treatment with Apo2L and either 5-fluorouracil or CPT-11 to assess synergistic effects
Note: Combination treatment caused substantial tumor regression or complete tumor ablation
View evidence from paper
“Apo2L cooperated synergistically with the chemotherapeutic drugs 5-fluorouracil or CPT-11, causing substantial tumor regression or complete tumor ablation”
Toxicity assessment in nonhuman primates
Repeated intravenous injections of Apo2L administered to nonhuman primates to evaluate safety profile and tissue/organ toxicity
Note: No detectable toxicity to tissues and organs examined
View evidence from paper
“Repeated intravenous injections of Apo2L in nonhuman primates did not cause detectable toxicity to tissues and organs examined”