Source Paper
Lipopolysaccharide induces delayed FosB/DeltaFosB immunostaining within the mouse extended amygdala, hippocampus and hypothalamus, that parallel the expression of depressive-like behavior
François Frenois, Maïté Moreau, Jason O’Connor, Marc Lawson, Charlotte Micon et al.
Psychoneuroendocrinology • 2007
Forced Swim Test
Objective: Evaluation of depressive-like behavior by measuring immobility duration in mice at 24 hours post-LPS administration
This is a Forced Swim Test protocol using mouse as the model organism. The procedure involves 3 procedural steps, 1 equipment items, 2 materials. Extracted from a 2007 paper published in Psychoneuroendocrinology.
Model and subjects
mouse • Not specified • unknown • Not specified • Not specified
Study window
~1 day study window | ~24 hours hands-on
Core workflow
LPS Administration • Post-LPS Waiting Period • Forced Swim Test
Primary readouts
- Duration of immobility in forced swim test
- Depressive-like behavior assessment
Key equipment and reagents
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Protocol Steps
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LPS Administration
Administer lipopolysaccharide to mice via intraperitoneal injection
Note: Dose: 830 µg/kg intraperitoneal
View evidence from paper
“lipopolysaccharide (LPS, 830 µg/kg, intraperitoneal)”
Post-LPS Waiting Period
Allow 24 hours to elapse after LPS administration before behavioral testing
Note: At 24 h post-LPS, sickness behavior is expected to be minimal and not bias measurement of depressive-like behavior
View evidence from paper
“at 24 h post-LPS (at which time sickness was expected to be minimal and not to bias the measurement of depressive-like behavior)”
Forced Swim Test
Place mouse in forced swim test apparatus and measure duration of immobility as indicator of depressive-like behavior
Note: Performed at 24 hours post-LPS to dissociate depressive-like behavior from sickness behavior
View evidence from paper
“This dissociation between decreased motor activity and depressive-like behavior was confirmed at 24 h post-LPS in the forced swim test”