Mice with Genetically Altered Glucocorticoid Receptor Expression Show Altered Sensitivity for Stress-Induced Depressive Reactions

Stephanie Ridder, Sabine Chourbaji, Rainer Hellweg, Alexandre Urani, Christiane Zacher et al.

Journal of Neuroscience • 2005

DOI PMC

Forced Swim Test

behavioralmouseGR+/- (GR-heterozygous mutant mice) and GR overexpressing mice

Objective: Measures helplessness and depressive-like behavior in mice after stress exposure

Protocol Steps

Stress Exposure

Mice are exposed to stress to induce depressive-like behavior

Not specifiedNot specified

Note: Stress exposure precedes the forced swim test measurement

View evidence from paper

“GR+/- mice exhibit normal baseline behaviors but demonstrate increased helplessness after stress exposure, a behavioral correlate of depression in mice”

Forced Swim Test

Mice are tested in forced swim test to measure helplessness behavior following stress exposure

Not specifiedNot specified

Note: Test measures behavioral correlate of depression through helplessness assessment

View evidence from paper

“GR+/- mice exhibit normal baseline behaviors but demonstrate increased helplessness after stress exposure, a behavioral correlate of depression in mice”