Source Paper
Propranolol Administration During Morphine Addiction Attenuates Reinstatement of Drug-Aversive Memories Caused by Exposure to Stressful Stimuli
Cánovas-Cabanes A, Teruel-Fernández FJ, Fernández-López L, Martínez-Laorden E, Navarro-Zaragoza J et al.
Pharmaceuticals (Basel) • 2025
Tail-Pinch Stress
Objective: To assess the effect of β-adrenergic receptor blockade on tail-pinch stress-induced reinstatement of naloxone-associated conditioned place aversion
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Protocol Steps
Timeline initiation
Begin procedure 24 hours after extinction phase completion
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“Twenty-four hours after extinction, mice were acutely administered propranolol or its vehicle”
Drug administration
Administer propranolol (10 mg/kg, i.p.) or vehicle to mice
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“mice were acutely administered propranolol or its vehicle”
Waiting period
Wait 30 minutes after drug administration before stress induction
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“After thirty minutes, physical stress was induced via tail-pinch”
Tail-pinch stress application
Attach a 3.2-cm paper clip approximately 2 cm from the distal end of the tail for 15 minutes
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“by affixing a 3.2-cm paper clip approximately 2 cm in length from the distal end of the tail for a period of 15 min”
Control group handling
Non-stressed control group remains undisturbed in home cages during the same time period
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“A non-stressed control group remained in their home cages during the same time frame”
Reinstatement testing
Conduct reinstatement test after stress exposure using same procedure as pre-test with 15-minute free access to all compartments
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“After stress exposure, all animals were evaluated in the reinstatement test”